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Thanks to the determined efforts and hard toil of the pioneers, the development of the island as a whole greatly accelerated. They brought in a more advanced mode of production and settled the whole length and breadth of Taiwan. That was a 25-fold increase in 200 years. By 1893 (19th year of the reign of Qing Emperor Guangxu) their population exceeded 2.54 million people in 507,000 or more households. Their numbers topped one hundred thousand at the end of the century. Since early seventeenth century the Chinese people began to step up the development of Taiwan.
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Several expeditions, each numbering over ten thousand men, had been sent to Taiwan by the State of Wu (third century A.D.) and the Sui Dynasty (seventh century A.D.) respectively. This was the world's earliest written account of Taiwan. References to this effect were to be found, among others, in Seaboard Geographic Gazetteer compiled more than 1,700 years ago by Shen Ying of the State of Wu during the period of the Three Kingdoms. Many historical records and annals documented the development of Taiwan by the Chinese people in earlier periods. It was known as Yizhou or Liuqiu in antiquities. Taiwan has belonged to China since ancient times. Lying off the southeastern coast of the China mainland, Taiwan is China's largest island and forms an integral whole with the mainland. What is the present state of the Taiwan question? What is the crux of the problem? What are the position and views of the Chinese Government regarding the settlement of this issue? In order to facilitate a better understanding by the international community, it is necessary to elucidate the following points. Unless and until this state of affairs is brought to an end, the trauma on the Chinese nation will not be healed and the Chinese people's struggle for national reunification and territorial integrity will continue. For various reasons Taiwan is still separated from the mainland. The origin and evolution of the Taiwan Question are closely linked with that period of history. It was also a chronicle of the Chinese people's valiant struggles for national independence and in defense of their state sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity. The modern history of China was a record of subjection to aggression, dismemberment and humiliation by foreign powers. The United Nations Declaration on Principles of International Law Concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation Among States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations points out that any attempt aimed at the partial or total disruption of the national unity, territorial integrity or political independence of a State or country is incompatible with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations. The Charter of the United Nations specifically stipulates that the United Nations and its Members shall refrain from any action against the territorial integrity or political independence of any of its Members or any State and shall not intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any State. It is the sacred right of each and every sovereign State and a fundamental principle of international law to safeguard national unity and territorial integrity. Several Questions Involving Taiwan in International Relations Relations Across Taiwan Straits: Evolution and Stumbling Blocks The Chinese Government's Basic Position Regarding Settlement of the Taiwan Question Taiwan Affairs Office & Information Office